Although Fever is a cardinal sign of infection, classic measurements of temperature are not always accurate in our elderly population.
Compared with younger populations, the elderly have increased susceptibility to infection. The difficulty in measuring fevers in the elderly can make diagnosing serious bacterial or viral infections more challenging. In roughly 20 to 30% of the elderly with serious infections, oral or rectal temperatures will not indicate infection. A “blunting” fever response means a diminished fever reading with typical oral thermometer measures though there is an actual infection active in the patient. Blunting fever response can lead to delayed or missed diagnosis and can cause an increased risk of morbidity and mortality a to our seniors. We don’t know why the “blunting” fever response occurs, but it may be related to some of the biological changes of the aging which including decreased thermoregulatory responses, reduced basal baseline thermal measures, impaired immunity and use of a variety of medications.
Axillary (under the arm) temperature measures which are more commonly used in infants can also be another variation of measuring temperatures in the elderly. and sometimes show fever response that’s not seen in an oral thermometer measure. The normal range for the axillary temperature of 97.7 Degrees. If you’re concerned about your aging parent having an infection and fever, try taking an axillary temperature to additionally rule out infection.
As the fall season arrives and the calendar moves forward toward “Flu Season”, consider having a discussion with your primary doctor about his/her recommendation regarding “Flu Shots” for family members.